U.S. Widens Campaign on North Korea 미국, 북한활동 저지 운동에 박차. By DAVID E. SANGER Published: October 24, 2005 MOSCOW, Oct. 23 - The Bush administration is expanding what it calls "defensive measures" against North Korea, urging nations from China to the former Soviet states to deny overflight rights to aircraft that the United States says are carrying weapons technology, according to two senior administration officials. 부쉬정부는, 북한에 대한 방어 차원에서,중국에서 부터 옛 쏘련 연방국가들까지 포함하여, 북한에 무기개발 기술이전을 봉쇄하기위해, 해당 국가의 영공통과 비행을 허가해 주지 말것을 관련당사국에 요청을 증가시키고 있다고, 행정부 고위 간부들의 말을 인용했다 . At the same time, the officials said, the administration is accelerating an effort to place radiation detectors at land crossings and at airports throughout Central Asia. The devices are intended to monitor the North Koreans and the risk that nuclear weapons material could be removed from facilities in the former Soviet states. 또한 이관리들은 말하기를, 미행정부는 중앙 아시아를 통과하는 국경근방의 공항에는 방사능 탐지기설치에 박차를 가하고 있다한다. 이탐사기들은 북한 공작원들의 휴대품을 감시하고, 핵무기개발 물질을 옛쏘련연방에 있는 설비로 부터 이전해가는 위험을 차단하기 위해서라고 한다. The new campaign was speeded up this summer after a previously undisclosed incident in June, when American satellites tracked an Iranian cargo plane landing in North Korea. The two countries have a history of missile trade - Iran's Shahab missile is a derivative of a North Korean design - and intelligence officials suspected the plane was picking up missile parts. 이 캠패인은, 지난 6월에 이란 국적의 화물비행기가 이북에 착륙하는것을 미국의 인공위성이 포착한것이 발표된후,이번 여름내내 가속화 됐다한다. 이 두나라는 미사일을 서로 사고팔고하는 - 이북이 설계하고 이란이 이를 근거로 만든 "샤합"미사일 - 무역을 한 기록이 있다고 정보당국자는 전한다. Rather than watch silently, senior Bush administration officials began urging nations in the area to deny the plane the right to fly over their territory. China and at least one Central Asian nation cooperated, according to senior officials, who confirmed the outlines of the incident to demonstrate that President Bush's strategy to curb proliferation, which has been criticized by some experts for moving too slowly, is showing results. The officials insisted on anonymity because they were discussing sensitive information. The officials said they believed the Iranian plane left without its cargo, but they were not sure. Nonetheless, the new effort underscored the efforts the administration is undertaking to curb the North's exports of missile parts, drugs and counterfeit currency that are widely believed to be its main source of revenue and the way it finances its nuclear program. In interviews, the officials insisted that the more aggressive tactics would enhance the effort by the United States to continue negotiations over disarming North Korea, which have lasted for two years and resulted last month in a statement of broad principles to disarm, but no agreement about when or how. "We are taking a number of new steps - defensive measures - that are intended to provide protection against all aspects of the North Korean proliferation threat," said Robert Joseph, the undersecretary of state for arms control and international security, who has been visiting former Soviet republics and other nations to secure commitments to halt flights like the one in June. "These measures are necessary for our defense and the defense of our friends and allies," said Mr. Joseph, regarded as an administration hawk on North Korea. He also said the measures "are independent of the diplomatic efforts that we are pursuing" with the North that also include China, Russia, Japan and South Korea. "We believe that they will reinforce the prospect for the success of those talks." But the Asian allies are divided on that question. South Korea's government, which is preparing for a visit by Mr. Bush next month, has been privately warning against taking steps that would aggravate North Korea. Arguing that "status quo isn't working," one senior administration official said this weekend that "we have to defend against illicit activity that harms America." Russia has expressed similar concerns about pressuring Iran, saying that such action may force Tehran to show its defiance by resuming the enrichment of uranium. On Sunday evening, Stephen J. Hadley, the president's national security adviser, arrived here to meet President Vladimir V. Putin and a range of Russian national security officials. The American efforts to exert more pressure on both North Korea and Iran - questions on which Moscow and Washington have been deeply divided - are expected to figure in his discussions. Mr. Hadley is the second high-level administration official to arrive here in the past 10 days. Earlier this month, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice was here on a similar mission, though when she left, Russian officials said they were still opposed to any step that would refer Iran to the United Nations Security Council for sanctions. For Russia, it is a matter of business as well as politics: Moscow is selling Iran the technology for a civilian nuclear reactor. The new administration effort has three components, according to Mr. Joseph and other officials. The first is to block the sale of any bomb material or radioactive material from North Korea. The second is to beef up anti-proliferation efforts, including denying overflight rights. Mr. Joseph recently visited Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgistan and Kazakhstan, urging them to join a program called the Proliferation Security Initiative, which began as an effort to seize equipment at sea - like the BBC China, a freighter filled with centrifuge parts bound for Libya that was seized two years ago. "We were inspired by the June incident," one senior official said this weekend, "and we said, 'Let's be more systematic.' " A third component of the effort is to step up "counterproliferation," which involves preparing nations to counter chemical or biological weapons, and work out ways to defend against a missile attack. Japan, which has grown more hawkish on North Korea, has said it will join the American missile defense program, basing its anti-missile system on ships offshore. South Korea has declined, though it has long made use of the American-made Patriot system against short-range missiles. One administration official cautioned that "some of these programs are new descriptions of older efforts, with more money in the pot." But while the administration has been taking steps to isolate North Korea since President Bush took office in 2001, the combination of the effort to deny overflight rights to the Iranian plane and other recent activities suggests that the effort is being reinvigorated. It is being spurred, officials say, by some in the administration who suspect the North's willingness to sign a "statement of principles" to give up its weapons was a stalling tactic. So, using a series of exisiting powers and a new executive order signed by President Bush, the Treasury Department charged a bank based in Macao, Banco Delta Asia, with money-laundering, saying it was aiding North Korea's black-market dealings. The bank has denied the charge. This summer, American officials seized $2 million in counterfeit bills, which it said were produced in the North, and a man linked to the Irish Republican Army was arrested in Belfast, charged with trafficking in fake currency produced in the North.